Atmospheric gases that absorb and emit infrared radiation, causing global climate change.
Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases. The GHG Protocol establishes the global corporate accounting standard categorizing emissions into Scope 1 (direct), Scope 2 (purchased electricity), and Scope 3 (value chain).
Classifies transport emissions across tenant scopes. Road freight carrier fuel burn is classified as Scope 1 for the carrier and Scope 3 (Category 4: Upstream Transportation) for the shipper.
Multi-gas reporting converts CH4 and N2O into carbon dioxide equivalents using IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) 100-year Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors.
Corporate carbon claims must specify whether emissions represent Scope 1, 2, or 3 boundaries.